Onychomycosis – is a common disease. The most frequently diagnosed mycosis of the nails on the thumb. When the early treatment of the infection may not stop and avoid the defeat of the nails in good health. At the present time, there are many ways to fight the fungi. In the initial stages will be quite topical medication, and not to do without radical measures.
Causes fungal of the defeat of the nail and risk factors
The cause of the fungal infection of the toenail in most cases, promotes the contact with another person.
Risk factors for fungal infection play the following states:
- The advanced age.
- Diseases of the cardio-vascular system.
- Bacterial lesions of the skin.
- Eczema, dermatitis.
- The abuse of alcohol beverages.
The disease develops at the contact of the plate of the pathogenic fungi. They can also move in the blood and the skin. In most cases, the cause of the development of the pathology is contact with another person. Possible Causes the development of fungal infection:
- The discovery in the public places, by type of bathroom or swimming pool. In this case, the fungus most often affects the toes.
- The contact with the sick person, the onychomycosis. Can be transmitted through personal items.
- Care beauty, if the tools are not disinfected. For example, during the procedure of pedicure or a manicure.
- Non-observance of rules of personal hygiene. A lack of control of the state of the soles of the feet or wear shoes that are of poor quality will lead to the development of nail fungus.
- The drugs side effect which is the development of fungal diseases.
- Circulatory problems, varicose veins.
The stage of onychomycosis and their symptoms
Each stage of the nail fungus has its symptoms. Depending on this, selected of the treatment, so it is very important to understand at what stage of the fungal infection.
- Normotroficheskie. The nail plate is changing hue, while retaining the shine of the nail and its normal thickness. Gradually spots appear of different sizes, they are yellow-white. During the development of the pathology, the spots grow in size and become slightly convex, as a consequence, they cover the whole nail plate. Moreover, the thickness of the nail is recorded in the normal state.
- Hypertrophic. At this stage of the event onychomycosis becomes more pronounced. In addition to the color change of the nail, change the thickness of the nail. It increases by more than 2 mm wide, It depends on the hyperkeratosis – education increased scales of the skin. The nail plate loses shine, becomes dull, start to crumble and difficult to deform. Particularly strong of the destruction occurs in the sides of the nail.
- Atrophic. The nail plate begins to acquire gray-brown hue, the dullness is more pronounced. As the disease progresses, the nail is reduced, can completely atrophying. The disease process develops from the tip of the nail plate, is gradually moving to the skin of the shaft, and of the growth area. The symptoms of the deformity for a long time do not affect the zone of growth.
- Distal. The deformation process is homogeneous over the entire nail plate. The nail appear pronounced of the band. As the collapse of the nail to its free edge detaches completely. The nail plate acquires an irregular shape. On the rollers swelling and redness. In some cases, when the pressure can manifest itself a little bit of pus.
- Proximal. On the nail plate, you will receive a white spot of larger dimensions. The nail begins to crumble.
- Total. Is the ultimate step. The nail plate affected totally. The nail crumbles and becomes different shades.
The diagnosis of mycosis
The diagnosis includes a visual inspection and a number of studies. For diagnosis you must consult a doctor dermatologist. For a start, the specialist will conduct a visual inspection, and then will take the following procedures:
- Scratching infected of the phase plate of the nail.
- Microscopy, which will reveal the presence of a fungal disease.
Generally, the diagnosis of downy mildew on the ends poses no problem. Even visual tours, you can understand it, if the fungus and its stage.
How to cure nail fungus
At the present time there are many ways for the treatment of nail fungus on the big toe. The methods of the therapy depends on the stage of the fungal infection. In the early stages of the disease just outside of medication.
Anti-fungal varnish
Many people that treat the nail fungus on the big toe. These objectives are widely used, special finishes, designed to eliminate the fungal defeat. They differ quick effect and convenience of use. The range of this nail Polish is huge, this is why everyone can choose an individual solution.
Ointments, sprays and creams
Among the sprays, ointments and creams for the treatment of fungal infection of the nail of your thumb, you can allocate funds presented in the table below. They enjoy great popularity and have emerged as the most effective.
Tablets for oral administration
The oral medications are named extremely rare. Their reception is to be applied only at advanced stages of the fungal infection. Because they cause a large number of side effects, they are not allowed to take it without the prescription of a doctor. Among the tablets are especially popular drugs presented in the table below.
Tool to remove the nail plate
Removal of the nail plate may be necessary if the fungal infection has struck its surface. To do this, you must use special tools, to gently remove the nail. In addition, their action shall be aimed at the elimination of the mold. When using them, you must be particularly careful to avoid injury and the spread of the infection.
The impact of the laser
Laser – variant of the method of treatment of the fungal infection on the big toe. The laser rays can penetrate deeply in the thickness of the nail, which helps to eliminate the infection. This procedure is recommended for people who have an increased sensitivity to drugs for the treatment of yeast infection. The laser works without pain, without causing discomfort. The procedure has no side effects and contraindications. For maximum effect, you must pass in the course of these procedures.
The surgical removal of the
The surgical removal of the nail plate with the most radical way. Applies only if other methods have not yielded the desired result. The operation is performed under local anesthesia. The nail plate is completely removed. The positive aspects of this method, you can cancel fast to get rid of the fungal infection. In the event of compliance of the measures necessary for the healthy growth of the nail, you can speed up. The negative side relatively a lengthy rehabilitation after the intervention, can manifest as sensations of pain.
Folk remedies
The methodology of the traditional medicine are widely used in the treatment of fungal infection. It is recommended to use them as additional measures main treatment. Replace drugs, they can't. The most common recipes:
- Regularly steam the feet in the soda water with the addition of iodine. After this, the nail is treated with an antibacterial agent.
- All the days of causing the victim to a nail on the leg of the drop of 5% iodine. As prevention, apply 1-2 times per week.
- During the week, lubricate the nail of cider vinegar.
- Mix the celandine, bring to a boil. The solution to add to baths for the feet.
- Add to a foot bath of soda and a piece of soap. The procedure is done 2-3 times per week.
If the disease is not treated
If this is not appropriate to make the treatment of nail fungus, the threat of transition of chronic disease. Its danger lies in the accumulation of toxic substances that enter the bloodstream. After this, the toxins are transported quickly through the body.
Prevention tips
In order to avoid fungal infection of the defeat of the nail plate, it is necessary to respect the following rules:
- Ensure feet were in the drought.
- A comfortable fit, and the quality of the shoes.
- After the visit to the common places carefully wash the feet with soap.
- During the fitting of the shoes use socks.
- Regularly monitor the state of the nails. Remove the excess length, and conduct hygiene pedicures.
- If a person has already met with the fungus, it is necessary to use antifungal drugs for the prevention of relapse.
Preventive measures help to avoid this bad disease, such as onychomycosis of the nail. In addition, close the feet care and nails you will keep a long time in perfect condition.